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Tourism | Expo 2010

 

 

Tourism

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With the right climate and relief, Romania boasts many tourist attractions: the Black Sea Coast, the Danube Delta, the mountain resorts in the Carpathians, spa retreats, the monasteries in Bukovina (northern Romania) and Oltenia (southern Romania) and historical sites in Transylvania (central Romania) and Maramures (northern Romania).

The Black Sea coast is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Romania, which has once again caught the eye of major tour operators abroad in recent years.

Between Mamaia, the northernmost resort on the Black Sea coast, and Mangalia (an area of around 60 km) there are hotels, guest rooms and camping areas that can accommodate about 100,000 people. In general, the tourist season for international tourism on the Black Sea Coast begins in April, when the first groups of foreign tourists come to Romania for spa treatments, and lasts in same years until October.

Located in eastern Romania, the Danube Delta is one of the largest wetland areas in the world and the largest reed-bed on the planet, being the habitat of numerous water birds. There are as many as 331 such species of birds in the Danube Delta, 9 of which have been declared protected species. The importance of the reserve was recognized when it was included in the international network of biosphere reserves, under the “Man and Biosphere” program, launched by UNESCO in 1970. Irrespective of season, the Danube Delta is an ideal destination for specialist tourism, such as: scientific tourism, adventure tourism, rural tourism, cultural and educational tourism.

In winter, the Romanian mountain resorts are even more attractive than during the rest of the year, especially if they have ski slopes. There are over 40 resorts where ski slopes have been laid out, but only few of them have ski slopes equipped with night lights and snow cannons. Some of the most appreciated resorts are Poiana Brasov and the resorts in the Prahova Valley, southern Romania: Sinaia, Busteni, Azuga and Predeal. Apart from these, we can mention other resorts such as Arieseni in Alba county (central Romania),
Semenic in Caras-Severin county (south-western Romania), Bocsa and Mogosa in Maramures county (northern Romania) and Vatra Dornei in Suceava county (northern Romania).

The catalogues of major foreign tour-operators also include holiday and spa-treatment packages in Romanian spas. The spa-treatment sector, that can accommodate approximately 30 thousand tourists, is an important component of what Romanian can offer tourists. Mineral and thermal waters, mud with therapeutic properties, mofettes (natural carbon dioxide emissions), the temperate climate and, last but not least, the Romanian Black Sea Coast, all boasting a number of therapeutic and curative effects, favor spa tourism in Romania. Spa treatment has a long tradition in our country, Romania being among the first countries in the world to set up, as early as the beginning of the
XX th century, a scientific society of balneology and climatology. At present, Romania boasts over 160 spas, 40 of which are of national interest. Several Romanian spas have returned into the international tourist circuit after many hotels and spa treatment bases were refurbished and modernized: Baile Herculane (south-western Romania), Baile Felix (north-western Romania), Calimanesti-Caciulata (southern Romania), Covasna (central Romania), Sovata (central Romania), Saturn and Mangalia (both on the Black Sea Coast).

Many of the Orthodox monasteries in Romania have been included in cultural tourist itineraries. The monasteries with interior and exterior mural paintings are the most important tourist attraction of Bukovina: Voronet, Sucevita, Moldovita, Humor and Arbore.

The mural paintings of these old monasteries from Bukovina, that are over 4 centuries old, have been compared by art historians to the mural paintings of the San Marco Basilica in Venice or the cathedral in Orvieto (Italy).

The monasteries of Dragomirna and Putna, the latter housing the tomb of the Moldavian ruler Stephen the Great (1457-1504) are no less important.
Some special monasteries can also be found in Southern Romania, such as Tismana in Gorj county, Cozia in Valcea county, an architectural masterpiece dating back to the XIV th century, and a starting point for the architecture of Byzantine influence in Wallachia. Also in Valcea County, one can visit Hurezi monastery, founded by ruler Constantin Brancoveanu between 1690-1697, a monastery that has been included on the UNESCO world cultural heritage list.

Arges county boasts the Princely Church in Curtea de Arges, the oldest feudal artistic compound that has been preserved unaltered, as well as the Curtea de Arges monastery, a masterpiece of Romanian medieval architecture, built during the rule of Neagoe Basarab (1512-1521). It is in the Curtea de Arges monastery that the first kings of Romania, Carol I and Ferdinand I were buried. The Curtea de Arges monastery has became famous due to the myth of creation, found in the Romanian folk ballad of mason Manole.

The Maramures area (northern Romania) is equally fascinating, due to its natural beauty, rich folklore, traditions and the hospitality of its inhabitants. Along the centuries, the forests of Maramures have provided the locals with wood, the raw material that has made possible the emergence and development of a real “wood civilization”. The wooden churches in Maramures are the stunning evidence of this civilization, while the grand Maramures style wooden carved gates are genuine masterpieces of folk art. Besides woodcarving, which has been embedded itself into every day life, during the winter season; every household is transformed into a miniature weaving mill. Everything is home made, from festive attire to rugs, such as the traditional black and red striped woolen blankets called cerga.
A special attraction is the so-called “Merry Cemetery” in Sapinta, with crosses featuring humorous characterizations of the person buried there.

Transylvania, through its cultural and historical sites, is one of Romania’s leading tourist attractions. It is home to the Saxon fortified churches, Dacian fortresses (in the Orastie Mountains, in the west of the Southern Carpathians), medieval cities like Sibiu, Sighisoara, Brasov, Alba Iulia, Fagaras.

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